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Neck Pain: Causes, Symptoms and Relief

Woman holding her neck in pain

Neck pain: causes, symptoms, and relief

Man holding his neck in a car

Symptoms and signs of neck pain can include2:


  • Difficulty moving your neck, or a stiff neck

  • Muscle tightness or spasms

  • Sharp pain

  • General soreness, achy pain

  • Headache

  • Pain that increases when holding your head in one position, as in when driving or working at a computer


If your neck pain accompanies an injury, fall, or accident, seek medical attention immediately. It may be the sign of damage that requires medical treatment.

Causes of neck pain

Essentially the top of our spine (and our spinal cord), our necks are made up of seven vertebrae that make up what’s called the cervical spine. (That’s why sometimes neck pain is called cervical pain). Acting as cushioning between these vertebrae are discs made out of cartilage. Nerves then extend throughout the neck, while muscles, tendons, and ligaments allow us to swivel our neck to move and support our head. Pain in the neck can be caused by strain or injury to any of these elements that make up the neck.5

Image showing the neck vertebrae where pain occurs

Depending on the cause, neck pain can be acute or chronic – in other words, short-lived and quickly resolved or lasting and recurring.

Woman at a computer holding her neck

Some acute neck pain causes include:6

  • Poor posture

  • Sleeping in an awkward position

  • Repetitive motions

  • Carrying a heavy bag on your shoulder

  • Trauma or injury

  • Non-specific causes


Sometimes emotional distress can cause neck pain, as well. Stress can cause the neck muscles to tense up, which can escalate into neck pain.7

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